Data Sufficiency (Reasoning) — Practice

Question 1

How is P related to Q? (I) P is the son of Q's only brother. (II) Q has no siblings except one brother. Which is sufficient?
(a) I alone  (b) II alone  (c) Either  (d) Both together

Accepted Answer

(I) alone: P is the son of Q's brother ⇒ P is Q's nephew — relation determined. (II) gives no link to P.

Answer: (a) I alone.

Question 2

Who is youngest among A, B, C, D? (I) A is older than B and C. (II) D is older than A. Sufficiency?
(a) I alone  (b) Both together  (c) Either  (d) Even both together are not sufficient

Accepted Answer

Together: D > A > B,C — youngest is B or C, still ambiguous.

Answer: (d) Even both together not sufficient.

Question 3

On which day is the exam? (I) After Tuesday but before Friday. (II) Not on Thursday. Sufficiency?
(a) I alone  (b) II alone  (c) Both together  (d) Neither

Accepted Answer

(I) Wed or Thu; (II) not Thu. Alone neither fixes a day; together ⇒ Wednesday.

Answer: (c) Both together.

Question 4

Is M sitting at an extreme end of a row of 6? (I) M sits third to the right of P, and P is at the left end. Is I sufficient?
(a) Yes — it fixes M's seat  (b) No  (c) Only with more data  (d) Cannot say

Accepted Answer

P at seat 1; M third to P's right = seat 4, which is not an end ⇒ definite 'no'. A definite answer means sufficient.

Answer: (a) Yes.

Question 5

What is the code for 'money'? (I) 'money is here' = 'ka la ta' and 'send money now' = 'ka pa ra'. (II) 'money grows fast' = 'ka jo mo' and 'keep money safe' = 'ka bi tu'. Sufficiency?
(a) I alone  (b) II alone  (c) Either alone  (d) Both needed

Accepted Answer

In (I), 'money' is common to both sentences ⇒ code 'ka'. In (II), 'money' is again the common word ⇒ 'ka'. Each alone determines it.

Answer: (c) Either alone.

Question 6

In a family, is X female? (I) X is the parent of Y. (II) Y is X's daughter. Sufficiency?
(a) I alone  (b) II alone  (c) Neither  (d) Both together

Accepted Answer

(I) parent could be father or mother. (II) 'daughter' still doesn't fix X's gender (a father also has a daughter). Neither settles X's gender.

Answer: (c) Neither.

Practice — Data Sufficiency (Reasoning)

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