"Trauma & ATLS Protocols" — Practice

Question 1

According to the 11th edition of ATLS, what is assessed first in the primary survey?

Accepted Answer

B

Question 2

What is the minimum possible Glasgow Coma Scale score?

Accepted Answer

C

Question 3

A trauma patient has hypotension, distended neck veins, absent breath sounds and hyperresonance on the left. What is the immediate action?

Accepted Answer

C

Question 4

A young trauma patient has a pulse of 118, blood pressure 120/96 and is anxious. Which class of shock is this?

Accepted Answer

B

Question 5

A hypotensive patient after blunt abdominal trauma has free fluid on focused ultrasound. What is the next step?

Accepted Answer

B

Question 6

Why is permissive hypotension abandoned in a patient with traumatic brain injury?

Accepted Answer

B

Question 7

Why is an open pneumothorax covered with a dressing taped on only three sides?

Accepted Answer

The chest wall defect allows air to move in both directions. During inspiration, negative intrathoracic pressure draws air in through the hole rather than down the trachea, so ventilation fails. A dressing is needed to stop that.

But air is also entering the pleural space from the injured lung beneath. If the dressing is sealed on all four sides, that air has nowhere to go, pressure rises with each breath, and the open pneumothorax is converted into a tension pneumothorax, which is far more rapidly lethal than the original injury.

Taping three sides creates a one-way flutter valve. On inspiration the dressing is sucked against the chest wall and seals the defect; on expiration the free edge lifts and allows accumulated air to escape. It is a mechanical solution to two opposing requirements.

Question 8

A patient stabilised after the primary survey suddenly deteriorates with falling saturations. What should be done first?

Accepted Answer

C

Question 9

Why does a pelvic binder applied at the level of the greater trochanters help control bleeding?

Accepted Answer

B

Practice — "Trauma & ATLS Protocols"

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