Information Processing — Practice

Question 1

Describe the tally marks for 9 and for 17.

Accepted Answer

9 is one crossed bundle of five plus four single strokes. 17 is three crossed bundles plus two single strokes.

Question 2

A tally row shows three crossed bundles and one single stroke. What is the count?

Accepted Answer

3 x 5 = 15, plus 1, giving 16.

Question 3

Name the two axes of a bar graph and say what each one carries.

Accepted Answer

The horizontal axis carries the categories, such as fruits or sports. The vertical axis carries the count, also called the frequency.

Question 4

A survey records Apple 12, Banana 8, Mango 15, Orange 10. How many children were surveyed?

Accepted Answer

12 + 8 + 15 + 10 = 45 children.

Question 5

From that same survey, how many more children chose mango than banana?

Accepted Answer

15 - 8 = 7 children. To compare two categories on a bar graph, subtract the shorter bar from the taller one.

Question 6

A bar graph of favourite sports shows cricket 20, football 14 and hockey 9. Find the total surveyed and the difference between the most and least popular.

Accepted Answer

Total = 20 + 14 + 9 = 43 children. Cricket is highest and hockey lowest, and the difference is 20 - 9 = 11.

Question 7

Why must all the bars in a bar graph have the same width?

Accepted Answer

Because width carries no information. A wider bar looks like a bigger count even when the count is identical, so unequal widths mislead the reader.

Question 8

A classmate draws five separate strokes for the number five instead of crossing the fifth. Why does this defeat the purpose of tally marks?

Accepted Answer

The point of tallying is to count bundles of five quickly at the end. Five separate strokes are just as slow to count as any other row of lines, so the diagonal crossing stroke is what makes the method work.

Question 9

A bar graph starts its vertical axis at 10 rather than 0. Explain what this does to the picture.

Accepted Answer

Everything below 10 is cut off, so only the tips of the bars are shown. A bar of 12 then looks twice the height of a bar of 11, when the real difference is one. Starting at 0 keeps the heights in true proportion.

Question 10

In the fruit survey above, what fraction of the children chose mango, and how did you work it out?

Accepted Answer

Mango was chosen by 15 out of a total of 45. Since 45 divided by 15 is 3, that is one third of the children.

Practice — Information Processing

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