Agriculture, the Cauvery Delta and Water in Tamil Nadu — Practice

Question 1

Name the three paddy seasons of the Kaveri delta.

Accepted Answer

Kuruvai, samba and thaladi.

Question 2

Which body was formed in 2018 to implement the Supreme Court verdict on the Cauvery?

Accepted Answer

The Cauvery Water Management Authority, with a regulation committee.

Question 3

State the main change made by the Supreme Court in 2018.

Accepted Answer

It reduced Tamil Nadu's share by 14.75 TMC and raised Karnataka's by the same amount, citing groundwater in Tamil Nadu and Bengaluru's drinking-water needs. It also called the Cauvery a national asset and said no state owns the river.

Question 4

Why is groundwater depletion a concern in Tamil Nadu?

Accepted Answer

The state depends heavily on wells and borewells for irrigation because rivers are monsoon-fed. Over-pumping lowers water tables, raises costs and degrades water in coastal areas.

Question 5

What is the Protected Special Agricultural Zone Act, 2020?

Accepted Answer

A Tamil Nadu law, passed after the protests of 2017, that restricts hydrocarbon and similar projects in the delta districts to protect the rice bowl of the state.

Question 6

Why does the Cauvery dispute persist despite the tribunal and the court?

Accepted Answer

A fixed schedule works in good years, but in deficit years the upstream state conserves water for its own farms and cities, and the delta lacks water for its crops. Projects such as Mekedatu raise fresh disputes. Lasting peace needs a distress-year sharing formula, joint real-time monitoring by the CWMA, and efficient use, including crop diversification in the delta.

Question 7

Why is crop diversification recommended in Tamil Nadu, and what would help it succeed?

Accepted Answer

Paddy needs a lot of water, which is risky when rain or river releases fail. Shifting some area to millets, pulses and oilseeds reduces water use and risk. It needs assured procurement and price support, markets, extension and crop insurance.

Question 8

What are Uzhavar Sandhais?

Accepted Answer

Farmers' markets started in 1999, where producers sell directly to consumers.

Practice — Agriculture, the Cauvery Delta and Water in Tamil Nadu

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