By the end of this chapter you'll be able to…

  • 1Describe the behaviour of the rebel in the poem
  • 2Identify the use of contrast and repetition
  • 3Explain the poet's attitude towards rebels
  • 4Explain the message of the poem
  • 5Reflect on the value and difficulty of being different
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Why this chapter matters
'The Rebel' by D. J. Enright is a witty, satirical poem about a person who always does the opposite of everyone else. It builds comprehension of poetry, an understanding of satire and irony, and reflection on individuality and non-conformity.

Before you start — revise these

A 5-minute refresher here will save you 30 minutes of confusion below.

The Rebel — D. J. Enright

Introduction

'The Rebel' is a humorous poem by D. J. Enright (1920–2002). It describes a person who always does the opposite of what everyone else does. When everyone has short hair, the rebel has long hair. When everyone has long hair, the rebel has short hair. The poem is a light-hearted satire on non-conformity, but it also makes us think: is it good to be a rebel?

'The rebel is never satisfied. When everyone agrees, the rebel disagrees. When everyone disagrees, the rebel agrees. The rebel's only principle is opposition.'


2. About the Poet

DetailInformation
NameDennis Joseph Enright
Born11 March 1920
Died31 December 2002
NationalityBritish
Notable forPoetry, novels, children's literature

3. The Poem

When everybody has short hair, The rebel lets his hair grow long. When everybody has long hair, The rebel cuts his hair short.

When everybody talks during the lesson, The rebel doesn't say a word. When nobody talks during the lesson, The rebel creates a disturbance.

When everybody wears a uniform, The rebel dresses in fantastic clothes. When everybody wears fantastic clothes, The rebel dresses soberly.

In the company of dog lovers, The rebel expresses a preference for cats. In the company of cat lovers, The rebel puts in a good word for dogs.

When everybody is praising the sun, The rebel remarks on the need for rain. When everybody is greeting the rain, The rebel regrets the absence of sun.

It is very good that we have rebels. You may not find it very pleasant to be one — It is on the part of one person, The rest are all the same.


4. Summary

The poem describes a 'rebel' — a person who always does the opposite of what everyone else is doing. If people have short hair, the rebel has long hair. If people are quiet in class, the rebel talks. If people wear uniforms, the rebel wears fantastic clothes. Among dog lovers, the rebel likes cats; among cat lovers, the rebel likes dogs. The poem ends by saying that having rebels is good because they break the monotony, even if being a rebel is not always pleasant.


5. Poetic Devices

DeviceExample
IronyThe rebel's choices consistently oppose the majority
ContrastShort hair vs long hair, talking vs silence
Repetition'When everybody...' is repeated throughout
SatireGently mocking the rebel's need to always be different
AntithesisOpposite ideas placed together

6. Key Vocabulary

WordMeaning
RebelA person who opposes authority or majority opinion
FantasticExtraordinary, imaginative
SoberlySimply, without decoration
DisturbanceInterruption; breaking the peace
PreferenceA greater liking for one thing over another

7. Think and Answer

  1. What does a rebel do when everyone has short hair?
  2. What does a rebel do when everyone is talking in class?
  3. Why does the rebel's behaviour seem inconsistent?
  4. Does the poet approve of rebels?
  5. Would you like to be a rebel? Why or why not?

8. Exam Focus

2-Mark Questions

  1. What does the rebel do when everyone has short hair?
  2. What does the rebel wear when everyone wears a uniform?
  3. Among dog lovers, what does the rebel say?
  4. What does the rebel do when everyone praises the sun?

5-Mark Questions

  1. Describe the behaviour of a rebel as shown in the poem.
  2. What is the poet's attitude towards rebels?
  3. Explain the message of the poem 'The Rebel'.
  4. Do you think it is good to have rebels in society? Why?

9. Self-Test

Q1. When everyone has long hair, what does the rebel do? A1. Cuts his hair short.

Q2. When nobody talks in class, what does the rebel do? A2. Creates a disturbance.

Q3. What does the rebel think about rain when everyone wants sun? A3. The rebel says rain is needed.

Q4. What is the last line of the poem? A4. 'The rest are all the same.'

Q5. Why is it good to have rebels, according to the poet? A5. Because they break the monotony and remind us that we have a choice.


Summary

  • The rebel always does the opposite of the majority.
  • If everyone has short hair, the rebel grows long hair — and vice versa.
  • In class, the rebel is quiet when others talk, and talks when others are quiet.
  • The rebel's preferences change to oppose whatever is popular.
  • The poet says rebels are valuable but being one is not easy.
  • The poem is a gentle satire on non-conformity and individuality.

Key formulas & results

Everything you need to memorise, in one card. Screenshot this for revision.

The rebel's behaviour
The rebel always does the OPPOSITE of the majority -- long hair when others have short, quiet when others talk, and so on.
The rebel's only principle is opposition.
Poet's message
Rebels are valuable because they break monotony, but being a rebel is not always pleasant.
The poem gently satirises constant non-conformity.
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Common mistakes & fixes

These are the exact errors that cost students marks in board exams. Read them once, save yourself the trouble.

WATCH OUT
Thinking the poet fully approves of the rebel
The poet gently satirises the rebel but says it is good to HAVE rebels because they break the sameness of the crowd.
WATCH OUT
Missing the contrast structure
Each stanza pairs the majority's behaviour with the rebel's opposite behaviour -- contrast is the poem's key device.
WATCH OUT
Treating the rebel as principled
The rebel's only 'principle' is to oppose whatever is popular, which makes the behaviour ironic and inconsistent.
WATCH OUT
Listing lines when the message is asked
For message questions, state the value of individuality and the difficulty of being a rebel.

Practice problems

Try each one yourself before tapping "Show solution". Active recall > rereading.

Q1MEDIUM· Describe
Describe the behaviour of a rebel as shown in the poem.
Show solution
The rebel always does the opposite of the majority. When everyone has short hair, the rebel grows long hair, and vice versa. When others talk in class, the rebel is silent; when others are silent, the rebel creates a disturbance. He wears fancy clothes when others wear uniforms, prefers cats among dog lovers and dogs among cat lovers, and wants rain when others praise the sun. His behaviour is defined entirely by opposition to whatever is popular.
Q2MEDIUM· Explain
What is the poet's attitude towards rebels?
Show solution
The poet is gently satirical but ultimately positive. He pokes fun at the rebel's need to always be different, and notes that being a rebel is 'not very pleasant'. Yet he concludes that 'it is very good that we have rebels' because they break the monotony of everyone being the same.
Q3EASY· Recall
What does the rebel do when everyone has short hair, and when everyone is silent in class?
Show solution
When everyone has short hair, the rebel grows his hair long. When nobody talks in class, the rebel creates a disturbance.
Q4EASY· Message
Explain the message of the poem 'The Rebel'.
Show solution
The message is that individuality and non-conformity are valuable because they break sameness and remind us we have choices, but that being a rebel who always opposes the crowd is difficult and not always pleasant.

5-minute revision

The whole chapter, distilled. Read this the night before the exam.

  • The rebel always does the opposite of the majority.
  • Short hair vs long hair, talking vs silence, uniform vs fancy clothes.
  • Among dog lovers the rebel likes cats; among cat lovers, dogs.
  • When others praise the sun, the rebel wants rain, and vice versa.
  • The poet says it is good to have rebels, but being one is not pleasant.
  • Devices: contrast, repetition ('When everybody...'), irony, satire.
  • Theme: the value and difficulty of individuality and non-conformity.

CBSE marks blueprint

Where the marks come from in this chapter — so you can plan your prep.

Typical chapter weightage: 3-5 marks, depending on school paper design

Question typeMarks eachTypical countWhat it tests
Very Short / MCQ1-21-2The rebel's specific behaviours
Short / Long Answer3-51Rebel's behaviour, poet's attitude, message
Opinion30-1Whether it is good to have rebels
Prep strategy
  • List the contrasts between the majority and the rebel
  • Note the poet's gently satirical but positive attitude
  • State the message about individuality clearly
  • Identify the devices: contrast, repetition, irony, satire

Where this shows up in the real world

This chapter isn't just an exam topic — it lives in the world around you.

Valuing individuality

The poem encourages thinking about when it is good to stand apart from the crowd.

Understanding satire

It shows how gentle satire can make a serious point about conformity in a humorous way.

Critical thinking

It prompts us to question both blind conformity and opposition just for its own sake.

Exam strategy

Battle-tested tips from teachers and toppers for this chapter.

  1. Present the rebel's behaviour using the contrasts
  2. Quote the closing lines for the poet's attitude
  3. State the message about individuality clearly
  4. Name the devices: contrast, repetition, irony, satire

Going beyond the textbook

For olympiad aspirants and curious learners — topics that build on this chapter.

  • Discuss the difference between thoughtful non-conformity and opposition for its own sake.
  • Write a short satirical poem about a common type of person using contrast and repetition.

Where else this chapter is tested

CBSE board isn't the only one — other exams test this chapter too.

CBSE Class 7 School ExamHigh
Olympiad / poetry comprehensionMedium
Creative writing and debateMedium

Questions students ask

The real ones — pulled from the Q&A community and tutor sessions.

Because the rebel has no fixed preferences of his own -- his choices simply oppose whatever the majority does. So he likes long hair one time and short hair another, purely to be different, which makes his behaviour seem inconsistent.

Yes. The poet says 'it is very good that we have rebels' because they break the monotony of everyone being the same and remind us that we have choices, even though being a rebel oneself is not always pleasant.
Verified by the tuition.in editorial team
Last reviewed on 29 May 2026. Written and reviewed by subject-matter experts — read about our process.
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